Table 1 The five types of understanding evidence (UE) [30, 34]
From: Miscommunication handling in spoken dialog systems based on error-aware dialog state detection
Type | Description |
|---|---|
Continued attention | The hearer shows continued attention and remains satisfied with speaker’s presentation. |
Initiation of the relevant next contribution | The hearer starts in on the next contribution that would be relevant at a level as high as the current one. |
Acknowledgement | The hearer says “uh huh,” “I see,” or nods. |
Demonstration | The hearer demonstrates all or part of what he has understood. |
Display | The hearer displays verbatim all or part of speaker’s presentation. |