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Table 6 Mean kappa values over the raters (A–D) for four different calculations of ground truth (GT) obtained either by employing rounded mean or median of the labels per song. Reduction of classes by clustering of the negative or positive labels, that is, division by two.

From: Determination of Nonprototypical Valence and Arousal in Popular Music: Features and Performances

No. of Classes

GT

Valence

5

mean

0.307

0.453

0.602

5

median

0.411

0.510

0.604

3

mean

0.440

0.461

0.498

3

median

0.519

0.535

0.561

Arousal

5

mean

0.328

0.477

0.634

5

median

0.415

0.518

0.626

3

mean

0.475

0.496

0.533

3

median

0.526

0.545

0.578