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Table 2 Most representative tags and corresponding artists for each of the 19 clusters

From: Semantic structures of timbre emerging from social and acoustic descriptions of music

ID

Tags closest to cluster centroids

Top artists in the cluster

1

energetic, powerful, hot

Amy Adams, Fred Astaire, Kelly Clarkson

2

dreamy, chill out, sleep

Nick Drake, Radiohead, Massive Attack

3

sardonic, sarcastic, cynical

Alabama 3, Yann Tiersen, Tom Waits

4

awesome, amazing, great

Guns N' Roses, U2, Metallica

5

cello, piano, cello rock

Camille Saint-Saëns, Tarja Turunen, Franz Schubert

6

00s, sexy, catchy

Fergie, Lily Allen, Amy Winehouse

7

mellow, beautiful, sad

Katie Melua, Phil Collins, Coldplay

8

hard, angry, aggressive

System of a Down, Black Sabbath, Metallica

9

60s, 70s, legendary

Simon & Garfunkel, Janis Joplin, The Four Tops

10

feelgood, summer, cheerful

Mika, Goo Goo Dolls, Shekinah Glory Ministry

11

wistful, intimate, reflective

Soulsavers, Feist, Leonard Cohen

12

high school, 90's, essential

Fool's Garden, The Cardigans, No Doubt

13

50s, saxophone, trumpet

Miles Davis, Thelonious Monk, Charles Mingus

14

1980s, eighties, voci maschili

Ray Parker Jr., Alphaville, Michael Jackson

15

affirming, lyricism, life song

Lisa Stansfield, KT Tunstall, Katie Melua

16

choral, a capella, medieval

Mediæval Bæbes, Alison Krauss, Blackmore's Night

17

voce femminile, donna, bella topolina

Avril Lavigne, The Cranberries, Diana Krall

18

tangy, coy, sleek

Kylie Minogue, Ace of Base, Solange

19

rousing, exuberant, passionate

James Brown, Does It Offend You, Yeah?, Tchaikovsky