An imperceptible and robust audio watermarking algorithm

EURASIP Journal on Audio, Speech, and Music Processing

Table 5 BER values for common signal processing operations

Attack type	Pop audio	Instrumental audio	Speech audio	Average BER
Gaussian noise (15_dB)	0	0	0	0
Gaussian noise (20_dB)	0	0	0	0
Re-sampling 22.05	0.0021	0.000	0.0363	0.0128
Re-sampling 11.025	0.0061	0.0011	0.0448	0.0173
Re-sampling 6 kHz	0.0901	0.0330	0.0543	0.0591
Re-quantization 24	0	0	0	0
Re-quantization 8	0	0	0	0
MP3 compression 128 kbps	0	0	0	0
MP3 compression 96 kbps	0.0301	0.0541	0.0721	0.0430
MP3 compression 64 kbps	0.0521	0.0841	0.0820	0.0727
MP3 compression 32 kbps	0.0810	0.1410	0.2901	0.1707
Echo (delay 100 ms, decay 50%)	1.1264	1.5932	1.878	1.5325
Echo (delay 100 ms, decay 40%)	1.0536	1.5641	1.7330	1.4500
Low-pass filtering 8 kHz	0.0972	0.1540	0.3168	0.1893
High-pass filtering 50 Hz	0.2701	0.2810	0.5231	0.3580
Band-pass filtering (100 to 4,000 Hz)	0.1080	0.132	0.2130	0.1510